The work in query facilities on a story exploring the experiences of missionaries going through vital cultural and private challenges in a distant and infrequently harmful setting. It paperwork their religion, their struggles, and their views on the obvious contradictions encountered whereas trying to reconcile deeply held beliefs with harsh realities.
This sort of literature usually supplies worthwhile insights into cross-cultural interactions, the dynamics of non secular conviction below duress, and the complexities of humanitarian work. It might probably illuminate the influence of globalization on native communities and provide a nuanced understanding of differing worldviews. The private tales shared usually resonate with themes of sacrifice, resilience, and the seek for that means in excessive circumstances. Understanding historic context, corresponding to particular mission organizations or geopolitical elements influencing the area described, can additional enrich the studying expertise.
The next sections will delve into particular themes current inside this narrative, analyzing its literary advantage, its influence on readers, and its broader significance inside discussions of religion, tradition, and private transformation.
1. Religion below duress
The narrative arc hinges considerably on religion below duress. It varieties the crucible by which characters’ convictions are examined, refined, and typically, seemingly damaged. The depth of their struggling, the fixed risk of hazard, and the obvious futility of their efforts create a strain cooker setting, forcing a confrontation with the very foundations of their perception system. One instance entails a essential choice to stay in a area regardless of escalating violence, guided solely by a conviction that they have been meant to remain, whilst others fled. This selection, seemingly illogical from a practical perspective, underscores the position of religion in overriding rational considerations.
The significance of “Religion below duress” as a element shouldn’t be merely thematic; it is structural. With out it, the story would devolve right into a easy chronicle of occasions. The missionaries’ perseverance, their capacity to search out that means amidst chaos, and their willingness to threat the whole lot for what they consider in are all merchandise of a religion cast within the face of overwhelming adversity. Their willingness to simply accept outcomes which will appear inexplicable demonstrates a belief in a better energy that transcends human understanding. This belief turns into the driving drive behind their actions and a supply of power within the face of seemingly insurmountable obstacles.
Finally, “Religion below duress” highlights the inherent paradox inside its themes. The story reveals that religion shouldn’t be a passive acceptance of pre-determined outcomes however an lively engagement with uncertainty and hardship. It turns into a lens by means of which to view the world, shaping responses to adversity and finally defining the person’s journey. It challenges the reader to look at the depths of their very own religion and to think about how they could reply when confronted with comparable trials.
2. Cultural confrontation
Cultural confrontation, as depicted, served as a catalyst for each profound understanding and immense struggling. The missionaries entered a world radically completely different from their very own, the place deeply ingrained beliefs and practices usually clashed with their spiritual convictions. Easy acts of kindness, supposed to bridge cultural divides, have been typically misinterpreted, seen with suspicion, and even met with hostility. A selected occasion concerned trying to offer medical help, solely to be accused of disrupting conventional therapeutic practices and undermining the authority of native healers. This conflict highlighted a elementary distinction in worldview, the place the missionaries scientific understanding of medication conflicted with the indigenous group’s non secular beliefs about well being and wellness. Such occasions served as a potent reminder of the constraints of imposing exterior views with out first searching for to grasp the nuances of the host tradition.
The significance of this collision resides not merely within the inherent drama however in its transformative impact on the missionaries themselves. Pressured to confront their very own cultural biases, they have been compelled to re-evaluate their assumptions about fact, morality, and the character of God. What started as a mission to transform others grew to become a journey of self-discovery. The expertise of being outsiders, of being misunderstood, fostered a way of empathy and challenged them to search out frequent floor. In a single account, a missionary described initially being repulsed by sure native customs, solely to later acknowledge their inherent worth and significance inside the group’s social cloth. This shift in perspective demonstrated a willingness to study and adapt, important for constructing belief and fostering real relationships.
Finally, this collision reveals the advanced interaction between religion and tradition. The narrative underscores that spiritual perception shouldn’t be resistant to cultural affect; relatively, it’s formed by and expressed by means of specific cultural contexts. It presents an pressing reminder that efficient cross-cultural engagement requires humility, respect, and a willingness to hear and study. The power to navigate cultural variations turns into paramount in spreading any message; as “the madness of god ebook” reveals, the other can result in failure or violence.
3. Unconventional Mission
The narratives core lies inside its depiction of an unconventional mission, a departure from conventional missionary practices. It portrays a path the place established strategies have been discarded in favor of approaches that appeared, to many, unorthodox and even reckless. The story particulars cases the place the missionaries intentionally selected to reside among the many folks they sought to serve, adopting their customs, studying their language, and sharing of their hardships, a stark distinction to the extra frequent follow of building separate mission compounds. The consequence of this method was a deeper stage of cultural integration, fostering belief and opening doorways that may in any other case have remained closed. Nevertheless, it additionally got here at a big price, exposing them to risks and challenges not sometimes encountered in standard missions.
The significance of “unconventional mission” as a element of the story rests on its capacity to focus on the extraordinary sacrifices made and the outstanding resilience displayed by the missionaries. For instance, the narrative recounts an incident the place the missionaries selected to stay with their group throughout a time of battle, offering assist and luxury regardless of going through imminent hazard themselves. This act of solidarity, born from their unconventional method, solidified their bonds with the native inhabitants and demonstrated their unwavering dedication. The choice instantly opposed the recommendation of their sending group, which prioritized their security and urged them to evacuate, showcasing the divergence between standard knowledge and their chosen path. One other account particulars how they supported themselves by adopting the native technique of incomes a dwelling, instead of reliance on exterior funding, to construct a pure integration.
The understanding of “unconventional mission” introduced inside this story gives vital perception into the complexities of cross-cultural engagement. It highlights that true connection requires a willingness to step exterior of 1’s consolation zone, to embrace the unfamiliar, and to relinquish management. The story additional illustrates that the trail to non secular transformation isn’t linear or predictable, that typically, probably the most profound breakthroughs happen when people are keen to desert preconceived notions and embrace the sudden. It serves as a potent reminder that whereas standard strategies might provide a way of safety and predictability, they might additionally restrict the potential for deep and significant connection.
4. Radical Obedience
The tapestry woven by experiences incorporates a distinguished thread: radical obedience. It emerges not as blind adherence to dogma, however as a acutely aware choice to align with a better goal, even when that goal defies standard logic and societal expectations. This idea turns into tangible by means of acts of devotion that surpass purpose. “The Madness of God ebook” supplies a canvas on which to discover the implications of this path.
-
Defiance of Self-Preservation
Radical obedience usually manifests as a disregard for private security and well-being. Contemplate the choice to stay in a unstable area regardless of credible threats, guided by a way of divine mandate. This defiance challenges the intuition for self-preservation, prioritizing a perceived greater calling over private consolation and safety. Such actions, seen from an outdoor perspective, might seem foolhardy, but they characterize a core tenet of radical obedience: submitting to a will past one’s personal understanding.
-
Sacrifice of Materials Possessions
One other side entails the relinquishment of fabric comforts and monetary stability. To totally combine with a marginalized group, they divested themselves of possessions, embracing a lifetime of simplicity and dependence. This sacrifice stemmed from a perception that real connection required a rejection of materialistic values, permitting them to establish with the struggles of these they sought to serve. The choice instantly contradicted the consumerist mindset, highlighting the transformative energy of radical obedience in reshaping one’s priorities.
-
Acceptance of Social Isolation
Radical obedience can result in social ostracism and isolation. The missionaries’ unconventional strategies usually drew criticism and disapproval from each inside and out of doors their spiritual group. Their willingness to problem established norms resulted in strained relationships and a way of alienation. This acceptance of social isolation, nevertheless, bolstered their dedication to their calling. It demonstrated that their allegiance lay not with social approval, however with a better authority, additional showcasing the price of radical obedience.
-
Embracing the Unexplainable
The ultimate element pertains to the willingness to embrace the unexplainable, to simply accept occasions and outcomes that defy human comprehension. The occasions described could seem irrational. Radical obedience, on this context, turns into a dedication to trusting in a divine plan, even when that plan stays shrouded in thriller. This aspect challenges the need for certainty and management, emphasizing the significance of religion in navigating life’s uncertainties. It embodies the essence of “the madness of god ebook” – a willingness to give up to a better energy, even when the trail ahead appears illogical or inconceivable.
These aspects of radical obedience interweave, showcasing the complexities and contradictions inherent on this path. It reveals the ebook shouldn’t be merely a story, however an exploration of the lengths to which people are keen to go when pushed by profound conviction. The missionaries actions problem standard notions of religion, prompting a reevaluation of non-public dedication.
5. Price of discipleship
Throughout the pages of “the madness of god ebook,” the price of discipleship emerges not as a mere theological idea, however as a lived actuality. It permeates the narrative, coloring each choice, each sacrifice, and each second of triumph and despair. It’s a reckoning that calls for not solely mental assent but in addition an entire give up of consolation, safety, and private ambition. This precept is usually explored along with the idea of radical obedience.
-
The Worth of Consolation
The missionaries in “the madness of god ebook” relinquished the comforts of their acquainted world, selecting as a substitute to immerse themselves in an setting marked by poverty, illness, and hazard. They traded the safety of their properties for makeshift shelters, the predictability of their schedules for the fixed uncertainty of life in a battle zone. This bodily discomfort was not merely a matter of inconvenience; it was a deliberate option to establish with the struggling of these they sought to serve, to expertise their hardships firsthand. Such a choice was exemplified after they selected to reside in the identical kind of dwellings because the native folks, exposing themselves to the identical illnesses and dangers, relatively than establishing safer and comfy housing for themselves.
-
The Sacrifice of Fame
The missionaries’ unconventional strategies usually drew criticism and condemnation from each inside and out of doors their spiritual group. They have been accused of naivety, recklessness, and even heresy. Their willingness to problem established norms and embrace practices deemed unorthodox led to social isolation and strained relationships. This sacrifice of status was a heavy burden to bear, nevertheless it was a value they have been keen to pay for his or her unwavering dedication to their calling. One instance lies of their choice to overtly embrace and defend members of the group who have been ostracized for violating conventional customs, regardless of the potential penalties for their very own standing.
-
The Enduring Weight of Loss
The narrative is punctuated by moments of profound loss: the demise of family members, the destruction of their work, the betrayal of trusted associates. These losses weren’t merely setbacks to be overcome; they have been wounds that lower deep, testing the very limits of their religion and resilience. The price of discipleship, as depicted, consists of the willingness to endure such ache, to search out that means within the midst of struggling, and to emerge from the crucible of loss with a renewed sense of goal. An instance is discovered within the missionaries’ response to the demise of a kid below their care. Regardless of the grief and the questions that arose about their religion, they continued to serve the group, honoring the kid’s reminiscence by redoubling their efforts.
-
The Give up of Management
Maybe probably the most profound aspect entails the give up of management, the willingness to relinquish any expectation of a predictable or manageable consequence. The missionaries confronted circumstances far past their capacity to affect, usually discovering themselves on the mercy of forces they may not perceive or management. This relinquishment of management demanded a deep belief in a better energy, a willingness to simply accept occasions as they unfolded, and a dedication to stay steadfast of their calling, even when the trail forward appeared unsure and fraught with hazard. An occasion of this give up occurred when the missionaries have been arrested and imprisoned on false costs. Somewhat than trying to struggle the system, they used their time in jail to minister to their fellow inmates, trusting that their scenario was half of a bigger plan.
In essence, the narrative of “the madness of god ebook” portrays discipleship not as a passive acceptance of non secular doctrine, however as an lively, expensive, and infrequently painful journey of transformation. It serves as a reminder that following one’s beliefs might demand an entire rearrangement of 1’s priorities and a willingness to embrace a lifetime of sacrifice and uncertainty. The experiences inside the story additionally serve to light up features of non secular paradoxes and struggles inside discipleship.
6. Religious paradoxes
Inside “the madness of god ebook,” non secular paradoxes stop to be summary theological ideas; they develop into the lived experiences of people wrestling with religion within the face of incomprehensible struggling. These paradoxes function a relentless rigidity, difficult standard knowledge and demanding a reevaluation of deeply held beliefs. The missionaries’ journey turns into a testomony to the facility and the issue of navigating these inherent contradictions.
-
Energy in Weak point
The narrative usually highlights cases the place the missionaries discovered their biggest power in moments of profound weak spot. Confronted with overwhelming challenges illness, persecution, and even demise they found a resilience that defied human rationalization. This isn’t merely a narrative of perseverance, however of an influence accessed by means of the acceptance of vulnerability. One recounted occasion concerned a missionary struggling a debilitating sickness, who, regardless of their bodily limitations, continued to minister to the sick, discovering an inside power that surpassed their bodily frailty. Their willingness to embrace their weak spot allowed them to develop into conduits of hope and therapeutic, a paradox that challenges standard notions of power.
-
Freedom By way of Give up
The missionaries’ journey is marked by moments the place they needed to relinquish management, surrendering to a better energy. What at first might appear to be a lack of autonomy, turns into the trail to an unexpected sort of liberation. This non secular paradox resonates with those that have felt constricted by self-reliance, solely to find the expansive freedom that accompanies belief and give up. One missionary recounts their worry about relinquishing possessions as a way to relate to the impoverishment of the tradition they have been serving, however was stunned to come across a lightening of spirit, a way of connectedness by means of the letting go.
-
Life By way of Dying
Maybe probably the most profound paradox explored is the thought of discovering life by means of demise, each actually and figuratively. It’s revealed in these moments when one provides up the pursuit of fabric rewards for non secular. In a single poignant occasion, a missionary displays on the demise of a kid they sought to take care of, acknowledging that their very own understanding of life was remodeled by means of that have. Regardless of the grief, they discovered a renewed dedication to serving others, recognizing that true life lies not in avoiding struggling, however in embracing it as a catalyst for progress and transformation.
These non secular paradoxes, removed from being mere mental puzzles, develop into integral to the missionaries’ journey. Their expertise demonstrates that the trail of religion shouldn’t be all the time simple, however relatively, a fancy and infrequently contradictory journey marked by moments of profound perception and unsettling uncertainty. These function a reminder that real transformation usually lies in embracing the unexplainable and surrendering to a actuality past human comprehension, which is on the heart of “the madness of god ebook”.
7. Private Transformation
The narrative contained inside “the madness of god ebook” serves as a compelling testomony to the transformative energy of religion when confronted with excessive circumstances. It’s not merely a chronicle of missionary work, however a research within the profound methods by which people are reshaped by means of hardship, problem, and unwavering dedication. The experiences detailed inside its pages illuminate the multifaceted nature of non-public transformation, revealing how conviction, loss, and cross-cultural encounters can alter the very core of 1’s being.
-
Shattering of Preconceived Notions
Transformation usually begins with the dismantling of long-held beliefs and assumptions. The missionaries enter unfamiliar territories armed with a specific worldview, solely to search out it challenged and finally reshaped by the realities they encounter. A typical sample entails beforehand unexamined cultural assumptions dissolving when contrasted with the native worldview. For instance, the idea of particular person autonomy loses that means inside a tribal tradition the place group interdependence is paramount. These shattered notions drive a re-evaluation of elementary rules, paving the best way for brand spanking new views and a deeper understanding of oneself and the world.
-
Embracing Vulnerability
Private evolution is usually intertwined with accepting vulnerability. The missionaries, stripped of their acquainted help techniques and uncovered to bodily and emotional risks, are compelled to confront their very own limitations and insecurities. This compelled vulnerability, nevertheless, turns into a catalyst for progress, fostering empathy, compassion, and a deeper reference to others. An instance is the occasion the place the missionaries encounter a lethal virus amongst these they serve, and so they put themselves in peril by caring for the sick, regardless of the peril to their very own well being. The act, pushed by empathy, turns into a conduit for private change.
-
Redefinition of Objective
The extreme experiences detailed inside “the madness of god ebook” usually result in a redefinition of goal. The missionaries might start their journey with a selected aim in thoughts, corresponding to spreading a specific message, solely to find that their true goal lies in one thing way more profound. A typical sample is discovered within the narrative: an intention to proselytize shifted into an immersion in group constructing and a profound deal with mutual help. These tales reveal how, by means of hardship and perseverance, people uncover a goal that transcends their preliminary intentions, leading to a extra genuine and significant existence.
-
Religious Deepening By way of Disaster
Religious progress usually happens within the midst of disaster. The missionaries’ unwavering religion is examined by seemingly insurmountable challenges, resulting in moments of doubt, despair, and even disillusionment. But, it’s by means of these darkish nights of the soul that their religion is finally strengthened and deepened. As an example, a standard story arc entails a interval of intense non secular questioning following a private tragedy, which finally results in a renewed dedication to their beliefs and a deeper understanding of their relationship with the divine. Private transformation is intertwined with non secular paradoxes, radical obedience and non secular disaster.
These features of non-public transformation, as portrayed in “the madness of god ebook”, converge to create a robust narrative of human resilience and non secular progress. The missionaries emerge from their experiences essentially modified, their views broadened, their empathy deepened, and their religion refined. Their journey serves for instance of the transformative potential that lies inside every particular person, ready to be unlocked by means of problem, sacrifice, and an unwavering dedication to one thing bigger than oneself.
Ceaselessly Requested Questions
The next addresses frequent inquiries and clarifies potential misunderstandings concerning the themes and content material inside the narrative. These solutions are crafted to offer a deeper understanding of the complexities explored and the challenges depicted.
Query 1: Is “the madness of god ebook” an endorsement of reckless conduct within the identify of religion?
The narrative explores the acute lengths to which people are keen to go, pushed by profound religion. It’s not an endorsement of recklessness. Somewhat, the textual content presents these selections inside the particular context of the characters’ experiences, difficult readers to ponder the character of religion and sacrifice with out essentially advocating for comparable actions. It’s a portrayal, not a prescription. Consider it as witnessing a tightrope walker; one appreciates the ability and dedication with out essentially wanting to aim the feat.
Query 2: Does “the madness of god ebook” downplay the significance of cultural sensitivity in missionary work?
Whereas the narrative recounts cases the place cultural misunderstandings occurred, it doesn’t inherently dismiss the significance of cultural sensitivity. Quite the opposite, it usually highlights the painful penalties of cultural blunders. The experiences underscore the important necessity of empathy, respect, and a willingness to study from these one seeks to serve. The narrative acts as a cautionary story, illustrating how the failure to grasp and respect cultural nuances can result in unintended hurt. It is akin to finding out a shipwreck; the catastrophe serves as a potent reminder of the risks of navigating treacherous waters with out correct preparation.
Query 3: Is “the madness of god ebook” supposed to be a purely goal account?
The narrative is a subjective recounting of non-public experiences, not an goal historic doc. The occasions are filtered by means of the lens of the missionaries’ perceptions, beliefs, and biases. Recognizing this subjectivity is essential to understanding the narrative’s strengths and limitations. It’s a glimpse into a selected worldview, not a definitive assertion of common fact. Think about viewing a portray; the artist’s perspective shapes the picture, making it a novel interpretation of actuality, not an ideal duplicate.
Query 4: Does “the madness of god ebook” promote a selected spiritual agenda?
Whereas the narrative is undoubtedly rooted in a selected religion custom, its main focus is on the human expertise of religion below duress. The textual content explores common themes of sacrifice, resilience, and the seek for that means within the face of adversity. The narrative’s broader attraction lies in its capacity to resonate with people of numerous backgrounds and perception techniques. Even those that don’t share the missionaries’ specific spiritual convictions can discover worth within the story’s exploration of human nature and the enduring energy of hope. It’s like studying a novel set in a specific nation; one can respect the story’s themes and characters with out essentially endorsing the nation’s political system.
Query 5: Does “the madness of god ebook” recommend that struggling is a prerequisite for non secular progress?
The narrative highlights the truth that struggling is usually a catalyst for profound non secular progress. The ebook does not essentially assert that it’s all the time a prerequisite. The missionaries’ journeys reveal the transformative energy of adversity, showcasing how hardship can result in larger empathy, resilience, and a deeper understanding of 1’s personal religion. Nevertheless, the narrative additionally acknowledges the immense ache and potential for devastation that accompanies struggling. It presents a nuanced perspective, recognizing that whereas struggling is usually a catalyst for progress, it isn’t an finish in itself. The narrative highlights what we will study from darkness.
Query 6: Does “the madness of god ebook” provide straightforward solutions to advanced questions on religion and struggling?
The experiences chronicled inside “the madness of god ebook” pose troublesome questions and provide no straightforward solutions. As a substitute, the narrative invitations readers to grapple with the complexities of religion and struggling. The worth lies not in offering definitive options, however in fostering essential reflection and inspiring a deeper engagement with these timeless themes. It’s extra like encountering a philosophical riddle than receiving a easy instruction handbook. There are profound mysteries about radical obedience and religion.
In conclusion, this narrative prompts reflection on religion’s complexities, not simply its certainties. It asks greater than it solutions. It’s a research of extremes, a testomony to human endurance, and an invite to discover the depths of non-public conviction.
The subsequent part will delve additional into reader interpretations and the essential reception of the narrative, analyzing its broader influence on discussions of religion, tradition, and humanitarian work.
Classes Cast in Extremis
From the pages of “the madness of god ebook,” hard-won knowledge emerges, etched within the crucible of unrelenting hardship. These aren’t mere options for a extra comfy existence however signposts planted alongside a path of profound problem. They provide route, not consolation. Heed them cautiously, for they have been purchased at a heavy value.
Tip 1: Embrace Uncertainty as a Fixed Companion. Consolation is a phantom. The acquainted is a mirage. Count on nothing to stay because it appears. Think about a mariner setting sail with out a map. Rely not on previous experiences, however on an unshakeable inside compass. The storm will come, however in preparedness, there’s a probability for survival.
Tip 2: Domesticate Empathy Past Comprehension. It’s facile to talk of understanding one other’s plight from a place of consolation. True empathy calls for immersion. Stroll the bottom. Share the meals. Endure the hardships. Solely then can one start to fathom the depths of one other’s expertise. Consider the medic coming into a leper colony, not in sterile garb, however as a fellow sufferer. Isolation kills; Connection gives salvation.
Tip 3: Acknowledge the Limitations of Rationality. Logic supplies solely a framework; it gives no ensures. The world is rife with occurrences that defy rationalization, occasions that mock the orderly thoughts. When purpose fails, religion should take maintain. It’s not a give up to ignorance, however an acknowledgement of the huge unknown. The pilot going through an engine failure should rely not solely on process however on instinct, a sort of information born of expertise and necessity.
Tip 4: Put together for Loss as an Inevitable Actuality. Attachment breeds sorrow. Possessions develop into burdens. Relationships develop into sources of potential ache. Cling to nothing too tightly, for all issues are transient. See your self as a pilgrim on a protracted journey. There’s a level when the bags is an excessive amount of. Let it go to outlive.
Tip 5: Remodel Concern right into a Catalyst for Motion. Concern is a pure intuition, a warning of impending hazard. Nevertheless, it will also be a crippling drive, paralyzing one within the face of adversity. Acknowledge worry for what it’s a sign, not a command. Channel that power into decisive motion, reworking trepidation into braveness. Consider the soldier who, regardless of his terror, costs into battle; it isn’t the absence of worry that defines him, however his capacity to beat it.
Tip 6: Search Knowledge in Surprising Locations. Data shouldn’t be confined to libraries or universities. It resides within the hearts of the oppressed, the knowledge of the elders, the voices of the marginalized. Pay attention attentively to those that have endured hardship; their experiences maintain invaluable classes. Think about the scholar venturing past the partitions of academia, searching for knowledge within the villages, within the slums, within the forgotten corners of the world. Discover the gems of actuality inside chaos.
Tip 7: Domesticate Internal Resilience. Exterior circumstances are fleeting; inside fortitude is the one true fixed. Strengthen the thoughts, physique and spirit by means of self-discipline, reflection, and reference to one thing larger than oneself. Consider the traditional warrior coaching relentlessly, honing his abilities, fortifying his physique, and cultivating a psychological state impervious to worry and doubt. Energy is what issues most.
These aren’t guarantees of success, however instruments for survival. They’re the teachings etched in blood and tears, supplied to those that dare to enterprise into the guts of darkness. It’s by heeding the following pointers in instances of strife that there could be hope.
The narrative concludes, leaving one to ponder the that means behind the struggling, the knowledge gained, and the worth of final conviction.
A Last Reckoning
“The madness of god ebook” lays naked a panorama of religion examined to its absolute limits. By way of its exploration of radical obedience, cultural chasms, and private transformation, it exposes a profound paradox: that perceived insanity is usually a path to profound that means. The missionaries’ tales, etched in sacrifice and resilience, provide no straightforward solutions, no comfy options. Somewhat, they current a stark reflection of the human spirit’s capability for each immense struggling and unwavering hope. They lived the solutions, even when none have been straightforward.
The narrative, as a testomony to unwavering conviction, leaves an echo. It lingers, prompting a questioning of 1’s personal compass in a world demanding straightforward solutions. The challenges are now not far-off on some overseas land, however now relaxation instantly within the mirror, silently urging: To what ends and sacrifice will one go to reside what’s believed, and what does it imply to really give up?
